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大家知道潤滑油行業(yè)的專業(yè)術(shù)語嗎？

因為我親戚準(zhǔn)備做一個品牌的潤滑油的省級代理，我本人也準(zhǔn)備過去幫忙，所以想初步了解一下該行業(yè)的一些術(shù)語: 問提問者：網(wǎng)友 | 2017-05-21

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Acid Number(AN) Milligrams Of KOH requirdd in tests tO neutralize all the acidic constituents present in a lg sample Of a petroleum product．Also formally called the Neutralization Number，this property is often used tO indicate the extent of con-tamination or oxidation Of used oils. 酸值(AN) 也稱中和值，指中和1克油品試樣中所有酸性物質(zhì)所需氫氧化鉀的毫克數(shù)。該性能指標(biāo)通常用于表示已用過的油被污染和被氧化的程度。 Additive Any material that is incorporated into a product at relatively low concentration tO impart new properties Or enhanceexisting properties．添加劑以相對較低的濃度加入某一產(chǎn)品中，從而賦予該產(chǎn)品某種新的性能，或者增強其現(xiàn)有性能的任何材料，均稱為添加劑。 Aniline point the minimum temperature for complete miscibility Of equal volumes Of aniline and the sample under test．Products containing aromatics or naphthenes have lower anilinc points than products containing paraffins．苯胺點指相同體積的苯胺與試樣達到完全混溶所需的最低溫度。含有芳烴和環(huán)烷烴的產(chǎn)品比含有石蠟的產(chǎn)品的苯胺點相對要低。 Antiwear(AW) Agent Additive that is active in preventing damage caused by occurrence Of solid phase welding between sliding surfaces without local surface melting．抗磨(AW)添加劑相互滑動的表面因發(fā)生相互摩擦?xí)斐蓳p壞。抗磨添加劑就是能有效防止這類磨損，同時又不會令發(fā)生滑動的表面熔化的添加劑。 APl Service Classification —A system Of letter designations agreed On by APl，SAE and AStM tO define broad classes Of engine service．Also a system Of service classifications for automotive gear lubricants． APl適用級別分類由API、SAE和ASTM共同商定并使用的一套英文字母代號，用以確定發(fā)動機油的主要適用級別，以及汽車變速箱潤滑油的適用級別。 Aromatic A hydrocarbon derived from，or characterized by the presence of the benzene ring 芳烴由苯環(huán)衍生出的、或因含有苯環(huán)而具有其特性的烴化物。 Bactericide Chemical compotmd which has the property of killing bacteria 殺菌劑具有殺死細菌作用的化合物。 Base Number(BN) Quantity of hydrochloric(ASTM D974)or percldoric(ASTM D2896)acid expressed in mil ligrmns of KOH equivalent that is required to neutralize all the basic constituents of a l g sample of a petroleum product． This property is uscd to indicate the capacity of an oil to counter the corrosive effects of acidic products of combustion．堿值(BN) 中和存在于l克油品試樣中全部堿組分所需要的鹽酸(ASTM D974)或高氯酸(ASTM D2896)的數(shù)量，以相當(dāng)?shù)臍溲趸浐量藬?shù)表示。該性能用于表示油品抵抗酸性燃燒產(chǎn)物腐蝕作用的能力。 Bright Stock Refined，high viscosity lubricating oil usually made from residual stocks by suitable treatment，such asa combination of acid treatment or solvent extraction with dewaxing or clay finishing. 光亮油通常由渣油經(jīng)加工處理而制成的精煉、高粘度微個個潤滑油。加工處理的方式包括：酸處理(或溶劑萃取)與脫蠟(或粘土精制)相結(jié)合。 Carbon Residue Standardized test which measures the amount of carbon left behind after pyrolysis under standard conditions. 殘?zhí)?用于在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)條件下，測定油品裂解后剩余碳量的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化測試方法。 Cleveland Open Cup(Oc)Tester Apparatus used to detemine the flash and fire points of most petroleum productswith flash pemks above 79℃。克利夫蘭開口杯(COC)測定器用于測定閃點高于79℃的大多數(shù)油品閃點和燃點的裝置。 Cloud point Temperature at which a moticea ble cloud of crystals or other solid material appears when a sample is cooled ender prescribed conditions. 濁點在規(guī)定條件下，當(dāng)油樣冷卻至產(chǎn)生明顯霧狀時的溫度。(產(chǎn)生霧狀是由于有晶體形成或其他固態(tài)物質(zhì)生成) Complex Grease A lubdcating grease thickened by a complex soap consisting Of a normal soap and a comPlexmg agent． The use Of soap complexes gives products which have higher dropping points than similar lubricants made from normal soaps．復(fù)合潤滑脂指用復(fù)合皂(即由普通皂與復(fù)合劑組成)進行稠化制成的潤滑脂。使用復(fù)合皂制成的潤滑脂與使用普通皂制成的同類潤滑脂相比，具有更高的滴點。 Defoamants(Foam lnhibitor) Additiveused used in lubricating oilst to assist the collapse Of surthce layers Of foam caused by agitation Of the release of entrained Or entrapped air．抗泡添加劑(泡沫抑制劑) 加入到油品中、并令其產(chǎn)生的氣泡表層破裂的添加劑。(潤滑油內(nèi)部氣泡的形成?；蛴捎跀嚢?、或由于其本身所夾帶或滯留的空氣被釋放出來。) Demulsibility Property of a lubricant tO separate from water. 抗乳化性指潤滑油與水分離的能力。 Density The mass Of liquid per unit Of volume Of substance at 15℃．密度在15℃的溫度條件下，單位體積的某種物質(zhì)所具有的液體質(zhì)量。 Detergency Property Of a lubricating oil to reduce or prevent deposits formed under high temperature conditions Or as a re-suit Of the action on the oil of acidic contaminants．清凈性指潤滑油在高溫條件下或在酸性污染物作用下，阻止或減少生成沉淀的能力。 Dielectric Strength A measure Of the insulating value Of an electrical insulating medium．The value depends to some ex—tent on the test method used．0 絕緣強度指對一種電絕緣介質(zhì)絕緣能力的量度。該數(shù)值在一定程度上取決于所使用的測量方法。 Dispcmancy Property Of an oil to disperseand suspend potential deposit—forming materials sO that they Can be removed from the system when the oil is drained．分散性油品所具有的分散和懸浮可能形成沉淀的物質(zhì)、并在油品被抽出時將該物質(zhì)帶出系統(tǒng)的能力。 Dropping point —The temperatuer at which the first drop Of liquid separates when a grease is heated under prescribed conditions．滴點在規(guī)定條件下，將潤滑脂加熱至第一滴液體滴下時的溫度。 Emulsion Intimate mixture Of two Or more materials which are immiscible Or partially miscible with each other．In most emulsions， one material is aqueous and the other is an oil. 乳化液兩種或兩種以上互相不能溶混或僅能夠部分溶混的物質(zhì)所形成的完全混合物。 Extreme Pressure(EP) Additive —Chemical compound imparting extreme pressure characteristics tO a lubricant with the objecfive Of reducing wear under conditions where rubbing or sliding accompanies high contact pressures，as in heavily loaded gears，particulars Of the hypoid type. 極壓(EP)添加劑在伴隨著高接觸壓力的摩擦和滑動的情況下(如：在重載齒輪，特別是準(zhǔn)雙曲面型齒輪中)，能夠賦予潤滑油抗極壓性能，以達到減輕磨損目的的化合物。 Film Srength Ability of a film Of lubricants tO resist rupture due tO load，speed and temperature．油膜強度潤滑油油膜抵抗因負荷、速度和溫度而造成破裂的能力。 Floc Point The lowest temperature at which vapors rising a sample will ignite momentarily On application Of a flame under specified conditions. 閃點在規(guī)定條件下，油品加熱后所逸出的蒸氣與火焰接觸發(fā)生瞬間閃火時的最低溫度。 Flash Point The temperature at which a flocculent collection Of wax crystals first appears when a solution Of freon in oil is cooled under prescribed conditions．絮凝點在規(guī)定條件下，當(dāng)把氟利昂的油溶液冷卻到第一次出現(xiàn)蠟晶體的絮凝物時的溫度。 FZG Load Stage The load which can be transmitted by a pair of gears under the conditions Of test and temperature in the FZG gear machine． FZG 負荷試驗在FZG齒輪機器的測試條件和溫度下，一對齒輪能夠傳遞的負荷。 KOH Chemical symbol fOr the alkdine Compound pstassium hydroxide． KOH 氫氧化鉀堿性化合物的化學(xué)符號。 Load Garrying capacity A quantitative term to describe the ability Of a lubricant tO resistr film rupture and protect agaimt wear and surface destruction under conditions of high speeds， high loads，high temperatures Or combinations Of these．承載能力描述在高速度、高負荷、高溫或這些因素同時作用的情況下，潤滑油抵抗油膜破裂、抗磨損以及保護表面免受損壞的能力的定量參數(shù)。 Load一wear index An index Of the abiliLy Of a lubricant tO prevent wear under applied loads as determined in the Four—Ball EP Tester．負荷 —磨損指數(shù)是衡量潤滑油在四球極壓試驗中所施加的負荷下所表現(xiàn)出的抗磨能力的一項指數(shù)。 M1L Prefix designation for U．S Military Specifications. MIL “美國軍方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”的英文詞頭縮寫。 Molybdenum Disulfide Chemical compound Of molybdenum and sulfur which has exceUent properties as a solid lubricant due to the type Of moleeular structure Of the particles．二硫化鉬鉬和硫形成的化合物，由于其粒子的獨特分子結(jié)構(gòu)，因而成為性能卓越的固體潤滑劑。 Multigrade see Multiviscosity．多級別見“多級粘度”。 Multipurpose Grease A lubricating grease suitable fOr a variety Of applications such as chassis， wheel bearings， univer—sal joints and water pumps On automotive equipment．多用途潤滑脂指適合多種用途的潤滑脂，如：車輛設(shè)備中的底盤、車輪軸承、萬向節(jié)和水泵等的潤滑。 Multiviscosity An Oil that meets the low temperature viscosity limits Of one 0f the SAE W numbers as well as the 100℃ viscosity limits Of，the non—W numbers．多級粘度既能達到SAE W前邊的數(shù)字(如：5、10或15等)的低溫粘度極限，同時又能達到SAE W后邊的數(shù)字(如：30、40或50等)100粘度極限的油品。 Naphthenic having the characteristics Of naphthense，which are saturated hydrocarbons containing molecules with at least one closed ring Of carbon atoms．環(huán)烷烴具有環(huán)烷特性的、至少包含一個碳原子閉鏈的飽和烴。 NLGI Classficat Numbers A series Of numbers used tO classify the consistency(hardlless)Of a grease， based On a standard ASTM cone penetration test． NLGI級數(shù) 根據(jù)ASTM針入度測試，用于劃分潤滑脂稠度(硬度)的——系列數(shù)字。 NLGI Service Classification System A system Of letter designations to define class Of automotive chassis and wheel bear-ing greases． NLGI用途分類體系用于定義機動車底盤和車輪軸承潤滑脂分類的字母代號體系。 Oxidation Stability Ability of alubricant to resist oxidation and deterion resulting from high temperatues and／or ex—posure to air. 氧化穩(wěn)定性潤滑油抵抗因高溫和／或空氣作用而氧化或變質(zhì)的能力。 Paraffinic Having the chametefisties()rparaffins，saturated hydroeartx,nsOfopen(，hatn structure．石蠟族具有石蠟的特性、具開放式結(jié)構(gòu)的飽和烴。 Penetration Consistency，expressed as the distance that a stanthtrd needle or cone penetrates vertically into a sample of the material under prescribed conditions Of loading，time and temperature 針(錐)入度在規(guī)定的負荷、時間和溫度等條件下，以標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的針或錐垂直進入產(chǎn)品試樣的深度來表示的稠度值。 Pour point lowest temperature at which aliquid petroleum product will flow when it is cooled under the conditions of the standant test methed．傾點在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)測定方式所規(guī)定的條件下，液體石油產(chǎn)品在被降溫的過程中能維持流動的最低溫度。 Pour Point Depressant An additive which lowers the pour pointroleum petroleum products contmnlng wax by reducing the tendency Of the wax tO collect into a solid mass．降凝劑通過抑制石蠟聚集成固體物質(zhì)的趨向，從而降低含有石蠟的石油產(chǎn)品之傾點的一種添加劑。 Rust and Oxidation(R&O) Additives usd to enhance the rust and oxidation resistance Of oils and greases．銹蝕和氧化(R&O) 用于提高潤滑油和潤滑脂的防銹和抗氧化能力的添加劑。 SAE Grade Grade indicating the viscocity range of a crankcase,transmission Of rear axle lubricant，according tO the sys—tems designed by SAE． SAE級別按照SAE設(shè)定的體系，表明用于車輛曲軸箱、變速箱和后軸的潤滑油粘度范圍的級別。 (SAE 為“美國汽車工程師協(xié)會”的英文詞頭縮寫)。 Shear Stability ability of a lubricant such a grease or VI improved Oil to withstand mechanical shearing without being degraded in conslstency or viscosity. 剪切穩(wěn)定性潤滑產(chǎn)品(如潤滑脂或高粘度指數(shù)油品)抵抗機械攪拌而不發(fā)生稠度或粘度降低的能力。 Soap General term for the“salt”of a fatty acid．Ordinary washing soaps are those Of sodium and potasstum．the soaps (of lithium，sodium，cadcium,barium and aluminum are the principal thickeners used in grease，making. 皂基對脂肪酸鹽的一般性稱呼。普通洗滌皂是脂肪酸的鈉鹽和鉀鹽。而鋰、鈉、鈣、鋇和鋁皂，則是生產(chǎn)潤滑脂所用的主要稠化劑。 Solvent Neutral Oil(SNO) Base oil manufactured from solevt refined parafllnic lube distillates．溶劑中和油(SNO) 利用石蠟油蒸餾得到的溶劑而生產(chǎn)出來的基礎(chǔ)油。 Solevnt Refined A refining technique to improve the quality Of based oils using selective extraction Of undesirable compo-nents by means Of solvents．溶劑精制 —利用溶劑作為手段(利用溶劑方式?)，有選擇性地萃取不需要的組份，進而提高基礎(chǔ)油質(zhì)量的一種精制工藝。 Spindle Oil Low viscosity oil intended for the lubricatio of high speed spindles such as those used in textile mills．錠子油用于高速錠子(如紡織機械上的錠子)潤滑的低粘度潤滑油。 Straight Mineral —Oils which do not contain compounds or“additives’．純礦物油不含化合物或添加劑的油品。 Salfated Ash Residue that remains aftera sample Of oil has been oxidized under prescribed conditions and the resulting residue redused to a constant weight by heating with sulfuric acid． Used as a measure Of the amount of metallo—organic ad-difivas present in new oils．in used oils the determination may be affected by the presence Of incombustible contaminants such as lead alkyls，dust and wear metals．硫酸鹽灰分油品試樣在規(guī)定條件下經(jīng)氧化形成殘渣，并與硫酸一起加熱，直至殘渣重量降低到恒定值，此時的殘渣被稱為硫酸鹽灰分。硫酸鹽灰分被作為一種測定新油品中金屬有機物添加劑數(shù)量的方法。在用過的油品中，這種測定方法的精確度會由于有不燃燒污染物(如：鉛的烷基化物、灰塵以及金屬磨屑)的存在而受到影響。 Thermal Stability The property Of alubricant which indicates its ability to resist cracking and decomposition on prolonged exposnre to elevated temperatures．熱穩(wěn)定性表明潤滑油在長期高溫環(huán)境中抵抗裂化和分解能力的指標(biāo)。 Thickener The solid particles which are unformly dispersed to form the structure Of a lubricating grease in which the liquid lubricant is held．增稠劑指加入到潤滑油中以形成潤滑脂的固體顆粒物。這種固體顆粒物在潤滑油中以未成形狀態(tài)分散，形成潤滑脂的結(jié)構(gòu)，從而將液體潤滑油容納進這種結(jié)構(gòu)中。 Timken OK Load Maximum loada lubricant will withstand without failure due to breakdown Of the lubricant film， as determined On the Timken EP Lubricant Tester． Timken OK負荷在Timken EP測試儀上測定的，潤滑油所能承受的、不會因油膜破裂而失效的最大負荷。 Typical Test test results which are characteristics Of a product，normally mean values obtained from analysis Of a number of production batches Of that product．典型測試表明一種產(chǎn)品特性的試驗結(jié)果，通常是對該產(chǎn)品的多個生產(chǎn)批次進行化驗分析所得到的平均值。 Viscosity Measure Of the resistance to flow，or intemal friction，Of a fluid．Viscosity changes with temporature so the temperature at which the measuremem was made must always be specked．運動粘度表明一種流體抵抗流動或者說是內(nèi)部摩擦的能力的度量值。運動粘度會隨溫度變化而變化，因此，在給出運動粘度的數(shù)值時，通常必須注明其測試溫度。 viscosity index(VI) An arbitary scale used to show the relative magnitude Of viscosity changes with temperature．Higher VI oils have less change in viscosity with temperature. 粘度指數(shù)(VI) 表明粘度隨溫度變化相對程度的經(jīng)驗量值.粘度指數(shù)越高的油品,其粘度隨溫度的變化量就越小. Worked Penetration The penetration of a sample of lubricating grease immediately after it has been brought to 25℃and Worked 60strokes in the ASTM grease Worker. 工作錐入度在ASTM潤滑脂工作機上,潤滑脂樣品在溫度達到25℃并工作60沖次后立即測得的錐入度,即為工作錐入度: 回答者：網(wǎng)友

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